Roman Numeral Converter

Convert any number to Roman numerals or decode Roman numerals back to numbers — instantly.

Quick reference

Roman numeral reference chart

SymbolValueNotes
I1Can be placed before V and X to subtract
V5Cannot be repeated
X10Can be placed before L and C to subtract
L50Cannot be repeated
C100Can be placed before D and M to subtract
D500Cannot be repeated
M1,000Can be repeated up to 3 times (MMM = 3000)

How Roman numerals work

Roman numerals use seven symbols: I, V, X, L, C, D, and M. Numbers are formed by combining symbols, generally from largest to smallest from left to right. When a smaller symbol appears before a larger one, it is subtracted rather than added — for example, IV = 4 (5 minus 1) and IX = 9 (10 minus 1).

Standard Roman numerals can represent numbers from 1 to 3,999. The system was widely used throughout the Roman Empire and is still used today for clock faces, movie sequels, Super Bowl numbering, and copyright dates.